Dna Is A Polymer Of Nucleotides - 1181 Words

DNA is a polymer of nucleotides, each consisting of three components. These components include a nitrogenous base, a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. The hydrophobic nitrogenous bases are in the DNA molecules interior with the negatively charged phosphate groups on the outside. Strong covalent bonds link each unit of the nucleotide together. Between the stacked pairs Van der Waals interactions play an important role in holding the molecule together. There are four different bases called adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine. Adenine bonds with thymine and cytosine bonds with guanine through weak hydrogen bonds. The number of bonds between the pairs differs however with adenine forming two hydrogen bonds with thymine and cytosine forming three with guanine. Adenine and guanine are nitrogenous bases with two organic rings and are purines. Cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines with single organic rings. The backbone of the DNA molecule is formed as the phosphate group of one nuc leotide is attached the sugar of the next. The DNA molecule is made up of two strands and these strands wind together to form a double helix. There are ten base pairs per turn of the double helix. The strands are antiparallel and the polynucleotide strand has directionality from 5’ end to the 3’ end. LINK DNA Replication LINK. Replication of DNA is initiated by proteins that recognise a specific sequence of nucleotides from short stretches of DNA at sites called origins of replication. TheyShow MoreRelatedCase Analysis : Ideal Condition For The Digestion And Absorption Of Nutrients1067 Words   |  5 Pagesfat, nucleic acids, cellulose, and complex carbohydrates obtained from her food and drink. But before we describe how each nutrient goes to a specific location as well as its process, it is important to know the structures behind these nutrients. Polymers are basically molecules that are either identical or in similar subunits (monomers) arranged in a repetitive series. Simple sugars are either in the form of monosaccharide (1 monomer), or dissacharide (2 monomers). Examples of monosaccharides areRead MoreLarge Molecules In the Structure And Functioning Of Cells Essay examples843 Words   |  4 Pagesrequires one water molecule to supply the H and OH to the sugars formed. Examples of Disaccharides are sucrose (glucose + fructose), Lactose (glucose + galactose), Maltose (glucose + glucose) Polysaccharides such as starch are made up of two polymers: amylase and amylopectin. Lipidsare made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but in different proportions to carbohydrates. The most common type of lipid is the triglyceride. Fats and oils are very similar in structure Read Morewingwangs1474 Words   |  6 PagesCovalent Bond Sharing of electron pairs Strongest Ionic Bond Attraction of opposite charges- attraction b/w cations and anions Ex) Na + Cl Medium strength Hydrogen Bond Shared Hydrogen Atom Result from polarity Cohesion Hydrogen bonds hold together DNA weakest Chemical Reactions: the making and breaking of bonds CO2 + H20 = H2CO3 Oxidation/ReductionïÆ'   Think â€Å"OILRIG† OIL- Oxidation is loss (of electrons) RIG- Reduction is gain (of electrons) Properties of Water: Cohesion = water attracted to waterRead MoreAn Analysis Of The Stanford Understudy Space Activity1451 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscretionary DNA strands (of direct length) in space. Cool eh? Ive been taking a shot at this venture throughout the previous eight months with a brilliant group of kindred programmers as a feature of the Stanford Understudy Space Activity, and Id get a kick out of the chance to share what were doing, what weve effectively done, and where were going. Why space? All things considered, above all else, space is cool. Be that as it may, all the more genuinely, access to self-assertive DNA in spaceRead MoreDna vs Rna783 Words   |  4 PagesComparison chart | DNA | RNA | Definition: | A nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms | RNA, single-stranded chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units with the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil bonded to the ribose. RNA molecules are involved in protein synthesis and sometimes in the transmission of genetic information. | Job/Role: | Medium of long-term storage and transmission of genetic informationRead MoreDna And Development Of The Living Organisms950 Words   |  4 Pagesrepeat length and orientation. DNA is the hereditary material and it carries all the genetic information that used in functionally and development of the living organisms. DNA is composed of two DNA strands that are antiparallel, coiled around each other to form a double helix. Double helix stand for two DNA strands set themselves like a ladder with the phosphate backbone forming the side of the ladder and these bases forming the rungs(book). DNA is the polymer of nucleotides, each consisting of threeRead MoreWhat People Had For Lunch923 Words   |  4 Pagesas fats), proteins and nucleic acids (such as RNA and DNA), which all are fundamental forever. A large portion of these molecules is shaped from monomers and polymers. Monomers are small molecules that can be joined by a condensation reaction, in which water is removed to form the bond between two monomers. Whereas polymers are huge molecules, can be degraded by a hydrolysis reaction in which water is added to break the bond between polymers. That’s how the large molecules are formed due to condensationRead MoreEssay on Molecular Genetics885 Words   |  4 Pages1. DNA Nucleotide [pic] Nucleotides consist of three parts --- a pentose sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and a phosphate group. A pentose sugar is a five-sided sugar. Deoxyribose has a hydrogen atom attached to its #2 carbon atom (designated 2), and ribose has a hydroxyl group atom there. Deoxyribose-containing nucleotides are the monomers of DNA RNA Nucleotide [pic] The left picture shows the nucleotide unit of RNA. Nucleotides differ from nucleosidesRead MoreBiology : Essential Biology Discussion1189 Words   |  5 Pagestheir cell structures improves. Ultimately, living things respond to stimuli reproduce, and have an order in their body structures. The basic chemical terminology for cells includes ribonucleic acids (RNA), lipids, glycans, and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Important molecules to the lives of living organisms fall in two main groups; organic molecules and inorganic molecules (Wayne, 2009). Organic molecules include carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. On the other hand, inorganic moleculesRead MoreThe Four Major Biological Macromolecules927 Words   |  4 Pagesas fats), proteins and nucleic acids (such as RNA and DNA), which all are fundamental forever. A large portion of these molecules is shaped from monomers and polymers. Monomers are small molecules that can be joined by a condensation reaction, in which water is removed to form the bond between two monomers. Whereas polymers are huge molecules, can be degraded by a hydrolysis reaction in which water is added to break the bond between polymers. That’s how the large molecules are formed due to condensation